Microplastics are tiny plastic particles, typically smaller than 5 millimeters (about the size of a sesame seed), that have been found in oceans, rivers, soil, and even the air. They come from various sources, including:

1. Primary Microplastics: These are intentionally manufactured small plastic particles, such as microbeads used in cosmetics, facial scrubs, and toothpaste, as well as microfibers from synthetic clothing.

2. Secondary Microplastics: These result from the breakdown of larger plastic items (like bottles, bags, or fishing nets) due to environmental factors such as sunlight, waves, and wind. Over time, these large plastics fragment into smaller pieces.

Microplastics are concerning because they can be ingested by marine life and make their way up the food chain, potentially affecting human health. They are also challenging to remove from the environment due to their tiny size and widespread distribution. Researchers are still studying the long-term health and environmental impacts of microplastics, but current evidence suggests potential risks to ecosystems and human well-being.